The election of 1800 was perhaps the most important battle in human political history. It was the point at which the meaning of the American Revolution was decided. It featured Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans who believed, as modern Republicans still do, that the American Revolution was a revolution for freedom, freedom from government. Jefferson believed, "the gov't which governs best, governs least." On the opposing side were the Democrats (called Federalist at the time) led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams who believed the Revolution was merely a revolution for freedom from the British govt. Republicans feared they were American monarchists. In fact John Adams was pulled around in a regal chariot reminiscent of George III and Alexander Hamilton had many schemes to dramatically increased the power of the Federal gov't.
The Republicans won the bitter and close election thus vanquishing the Democrats for 133 years until the Great Depression seemingly gave them an ideal opportunity to consolidate power in their federal hands where in theory it would be used to provide the promised deliverance from economic calamity. Instead it led directly to 10 years of depression and 5 years of world war. The Democrats got another big chance in the 1960s when they promised to help long suffering blacks. It led to welfare and other programs that all but destroyed the black family and culture in America.
The value of freedom was always obvious to some, but from Jefferson forward and back, there were always Democrats who schemed to gather power under one guise or another, and who always then failed, sometimes at the cost of millions of lives, in direct proportion to how much power they succeeded in gathering. Jefferson established the first significant Republician beachhead in human history against the ever threatening Democrats and to this day his spirit keeps America, as Ronald Reagan famously said, "the last best hope for freedom on earth."
For those who might want to trace the history of political parties throughout American History I recommend "The Life Of The Parties." And for those who might want to focus on the just differences between the parties I recommend "Understanding the Difference Between Democrats and Republicans".
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